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The number of 195 nations agreed the
agreement at the UN climate conference following discussion held in Paris, as
well as other global problems pose a threat for the entire world peace between
30th November and 11th December.
The leaders provided political
leadership and support to reach an ambitious and effective climate change
agreement in order to set a low-carbon, climate-resilient future to keep
average global temperature below two degrees Celsius.
Despite some protesting after the
agreement, Paris conference regarded an opportunity to secure a global climate
change agreement might pave the way towards a safer, healthier, more prosperous
and sustainable future.
The importance of climate conference emerges forefront
in terms of rising sea level, food systems and rural livelihoods. Because of
climate change is already putting stress on food systems and rural livelihoods
all around the globe.
The countries of which economies depends
on a climate-sensitive natural resource base, including rain-fed subsistence
agriculture, are vulnerable to the effects of climate change.
According to FAO, 75% of the
world’s poor & food insecure people rely on agriculture & natural
resources for their livelihoods.
It
is also expected to help address the needs of the nearly 634 million people, or
a tenth of the global population who live in at-risky coastal areas just a few
meters above existing sea levels, as well as those living in areas at risk of
droughts and floods.
Rising temperatures are also predicted
to reduce catches of the world’s main fish species by 40%.
If the necessary precautions would
not be taken from now on, the problem would grow like avalanche in the upcoming
years.
Currently, the food production is
not sufficient to meet need of the world population.
In the future, world food
production must rise 60% so as to keep pace with demographic change. Climate
Change can transfer risks of food-borne diseases from 1 region to another,
threatening public health in new ways.
“Ecosystems, and food and water supplies are under
increasing pressure. The hardest hit is the poor and vulnerable – including
small farmers, fishing communities and indigenous peoples,” warned the UN
chief.
So, in order to achieve the target foreseen 1.5 or 2
degrees by 2030, the world’s use of fossil fuels will need to be reduced. Removing
fossil fuel subsidies is predicted to reduce greenhouse gas emission by 10 per
cent by 2050.
In order to be successful fossil fuels should be
replaced with renewables. Wind plants and solar energy offer major potential
for reducing poverty and limiting greenhouse gas emissions.
Transport sector is responsible for a quarter of all
energy related CO2 emissions and this is predicted to grow to a third by 2050,
faster than any other sector. According to the International Energy Agency, “we
actually need three quarters of all new vehicle sales to be electric to keep
warming below two degrees Celsius.”
As vehicles become more concentrated in
urban areas concerns are also mounting around impacts on local air and noise
pollution, which will disproportionally affect the areas in which up to 66% of
the global population will live and work by 2050.
EVs offer a powerful and increasingly
popular solution in achieving sustainable urban mobility.
So from now on, economies will shift
from fossil based to green based models.
